Have both the GoPro 5 Black and an older Garmin VIRB X which does this:
VIRB X contains built-in Garmin GPS, G-force, orientation sensors… Play your experience back in higher definition than ever before by using our free mobile or desktop software to automatically overlay gauges, graphs and more, showcasing your speed, acceleration, heart rate (and much more) in real time.
Works great for track days with map overlay and lap times that you can place on the screen in post production. Only real downfall is that it is limited to 1080 at 30fps.
Have been out of the GoPro scene for many years now, does the current line up have similar features? What does everyone use for track days?
I think you are confusing two different things.
1) Video Quality.
2) Data Logging/Data acquisition.
The Garmin VIRB is not the best at either. I think it has a standard GPS refresh rate (1Hz).
If data logging is your priority then you'll be more focused on things like more accurate lap timing. Go for a device with the highest Hz refresh rate (eg. 10Hz). There are other data loggers that have G-force sensors as well as the ability to record engine data via your car's OBD2 port. Have a look at products like Racelogic VBox.
If video quality is your priority then forget action cameras all together and invest in an expensive full sized camera with high FPS and image stabilisation and do the screen overlay in post production using data logged on your data logger.
When I used to do track days I used a free mobile phone software called RaceChrono and an external Bluetooth GPS (5Hz) for increased accuracy. The video is poor quality but I was mainly focused on data logging to study lap times and racing lines. I'm all about the lap times.