TL;DR: Your "no-FX-fee" Visa card is actually charging you 0.5%.
Over the years we've often been discussing the merits of Visa vs MasterCard on Whirlpool (where I have also posted this), OzBargain etc. For many years I've been traveling with a 28 Degrees MasterCard and the Citibank Plus Visa debit cards. Sure, they're both "0% foreign exchange fee" cards, but I've certainly noticed that the MasterCard seemed to offer slightly better rates than the Visa.
Well, I decided to do some data collection and research, and I've recently pushed it onto a website to allow for an easy comparison.
Take a look:
https://fx.sycuse.com/visa-mastercard/
Some interesting results came about; firstly that MasterCard always offers a better FX rate than Visa – as we suspected. But the magnitude of the difference has fallen significantly since November last year.
Visa's FX spread implies a commission of – on average 0.5%, whilst before November 2016 MasterCard took just 0.02% (!!). MasterCard have sadly been increasing this since late last year, and it now averages (for AUD/USD) 0.2%. That's a ten-fold increase; but still much better than Visa.
my Citibank Visa Debit has better rates than the new Citibank Mastercard Debit
I believe Citi sets the rates on their cards directly, as you can check them on the citi website anytime and thats the rates you get.